Dick Hickock and Perry Smith

"I didn't want to harm the man. I thought he was a very nice gentleman. Soft-spoken. I thought so right up to the moment I cut his throat." - Perry Smith, about Herb Clutter

Richard "Dick" Eugene Hickock and Perry Edward Smith were two mass murderers responsible for the massacre of an entire farmer family in 1959.

Background
Hickock was born in Kansas City, Kansas. Originally a popular student and athlete in high school, he changed when he was in a serious car accident in 1950 that left him seriously disfigured. Though he wanted to attend academia, his parents, both being farm workers, couldn't provide their son with a higher education. He got his first job at the age of 16, at the Santa Fe Railroad Company. When he was 19, he married one Carol Bryan, who was 16 at the time. They later conceived three sons together. He took a job as a mechanic at the Mark Buick Company and also drove ambulances at night for extra money. When the couple overbought, they suffered financial problems, which became worse after Hickock was in a car accident that slightly disfigured his face and left him out of work during his recovery period. After he impregnated one Margaret Edna outside his marriage, he and Bryan divorced. He then married his former mistress, but that ended in divorce as well. In order to make ends meet, he became a petty criminal, committing acts of check fraud, which is what got him arrested in January of 1956. He was sentenced to a maximum of five years at the Kansas State Penitentiary, where he met Perry Smith.

Smith was born in Huntington, Elko County, Nevada and had three siblings; two brothers and one sister. His parents, "Tex" John Smith, an Irishman, and Flo Buckskin, a Cherokee, were both rodeo performers. In 1929, the family moved to Juneau, Alaska, where Tex Smith made a living of distilling bootleg whiskey. Due to him being abusive to both his wife and their children, she took them and moved to San Fransisco, California. When she died an alcoholic, Perry was 13. He and his siblings were then placed in a Catholic orphanage. He later claimed that he was abused there as well, both physically and emotionally, for his chronic bedwetting. He was also in a Salvation Army-run orphanage, where, he also claimed later, one attendant tried to drown him. His two brothers committed suicide at an early age and his sister completely broke off all contact with him. At the age of 16, he joined the U.S. Marines and served in the Korean War. Even though he racked up a record for getting into fights with other soldiers and Korean civilians, he was honorably discharged in 1952. After getting a job as a car painter whilst living with an Army friend in Tacoma, Washington, Smith used his first paycheck to buy a motorcycle, which he crashed the same year due to bad weather. Barely surviving, Smith spent six months in a hospital recovering and when he was released from its care, he suffered chronic leg pains and became addicted to aspirin. In March of 1956, Smith was sentenced to 5-10 years in prison and was sent to serve the sentence at the Kansas State Penitentiary.

Killings and Capture
In prison, Hickock and Smith learned from Floyd Wells, a former farm worker at the Clutter farm serving time for breaking and entering, that Herb Clutter was rich and spent almost $10 000 a year on the farm. They misconstrued his story, believing Clutter kept a vast amount of cash in his house. In actuality, he was a very frequent check writer (he once even wrote a $1 check to pay for a hair cut) and kept almost no money in the house. Together, they made a plan to rob Mr. Clutter and flee with the money. After Smith was paroled on July 6, 1959, a few years early of his sentence, he awaited Hickock’s release. When the latter was paroled as well on August 13, the two drove to Holcomb, Kansas, where the Clutter farm was located. After attempting to rob the house, only to discover that they had been mistaken, they killed the entire family and fled the scene. Smith later claimed that the home invasion derailed even further when Hickock considered raping Nancy Clutter. They spent the following half-year on the run, supporting themselves with forged checks. The bodies were discovered the next day when the family was missed at church (it was a Sunday) and friends came over to check on them. The murders were investigated by the Kansas Bureau of Inspection, whose investigation initially led nowhere, until Wells told a warden at the Kansas State Penitentiary about Hickock and Smith and how they had planned to rob the Clutters. When Agent Harold Nye of the KBI visited Hickock's parents in Olathe, Kansas, in whose home Hickock had briefly lived at after the killings, leaving the shotgun used in the massacre in his room (the parents had told that he used it for rabbit hunting). On December 30, the two killers were arrested in Las Vegas, Nevada and brought back to Kansas.

Upon being interrogated, Hickock and Smith gave contradictory confessions. It was never firmly established exactly who killed who; at first, Smith claimed that he killed both Herb and Kenyon and that Hickock killed Bonnie and Nancy. Hickock, on the other hand, claimed that Smith was the one who killed all four family members. Smith later changed his confession and, because he "felt sorry for Dick’s mother", claimed that he did indeed kill all of them, but because both refused to testify in court, no official testimony of who killed the women exists. Both killers were found guilty and sentenced to death. During their time on death row in Lansing, Kansas, Hickock and Smith were interviewed extensively by author Truman Capote, who was doing research about the case after reading about it in the media. He also became a good friend of Smith; there are rumors that their relationship may even have been sexual, though no proof of this exists. The resulting book, In Cold Blood, became an international bestseller and is regarded a pioneering work in the true crime genre. Hickock and Smith were both executed by hanging just after midnight on April 14, 1965.

Modus Operandi
Hickock and Smith entered the Clutter residence through the front door (Holcomb was a small community and people were comfortable leaving their doors unlocked at night). Inside, carrying a 12-guage Savage Model 300 shotgun, they awoke the family at gunpoint. When the robbery plan turned out to be futile, they killed the family members. All family members were tied up in intricate patterns connecting the wrists to the legs. They were all killed by a single shot to the head, except for Herb Clutter, whose throat was cut before he was shot.

Known Victims

 * November 15, 1959:
 * Herbert "Herb" Clutter, 48
 * Bonnie Clutter, 45
 * Nancy Clutter, 16
 * Kenyon Clutter, 15
 * Notes: Perry Smith had also claimed to have killed an African-American male "just for fun" by beating him to death with a bicycle chain sometime before the massacre.

On Criminal Minds
The most notable mention of Hickock and Smith was in The Big Game when Reid uses them as an example to describe the dynamics of a killer team. Smith is also quoted by Gideon in the beginning of the episode as a bookend quote: "I didn't have anything against them, and they never did anything wrong to me, the way other people have all my life. Maybe they're just the ones who have to pay for it." The killers were also mentioned in Jump Cut.