Dennis Nilsen

"I stood there amazed. I found it all hard to believe, that I, Des Nilsen, had actually done all that."

Dennis Andrew Nilsen, a.k.a. "The Kindly Killer" and "The Muswell Hill Murderer", is a Scottish necrophilic serial killer who was active in London. He is sometimes called "the British Jeffrey Dahmer" because of similarities in their victimology and modus operandi.

Background
Nilsen's father, Olav Magnus Nilsen (né Moksheim), was a Norwegian soldier evacuated to Scotland after the Nazi conquest in World War II; his mother, a local fisherman's daughter named Elizabeth Duthie Whyte, married him in May 1942 against the opinion of her parents. Olav Nilsen was never interested in forming a family and the couple divorced in 1948. As a result, the father role of their three children (Olav Jr., Dennis and Sylvia) was fulfilled by their maternal grandfather, Andrew Whyte. As a young child, Nilsen was very close to his grandfather and would eagerly wait for him while he was at sea. On October 31, 1951, a month before Nilsen's sixth birthday, Whyte died of a heart attack while he was fishing in the North Sea. His body was brought to the family home for burial, and Nilsen's mother let him see it, telling him that his grandfather was sleeping. This event had a profound effect in Nilsen's personality. He became quiet and reserved, and would shun other adults attempts to offer him affection. His favorite activity was to travel to the harbor, alone, and watch the fishing boats coming and going. During one of these excursions in either 1954 or 1955, Nilsen became submerged in the water and was almost dragged out to sea. He panicked at first, but once he run out of oxygen he had a near-death experience, calmed down and believed that his grandfather was coming to get him. He was then pulled out of the water by other youngster. Shortly after this incident, Nilsen's mother remarried and the family moved to the inland village of Strichen.

With the onset of puberty, Nilsen realized that he wasn't heterosexual, but he was unsure if he was gay or bisexual, because the boys he was attracted to looked like his sister. To test his attractions, Nilsen once fondled his sister and brother as they slept, but his brother woke up. Subsequently, Nilsen was bullied and called a "hen" (Scottish slang for a girl) by his brother. Nilsen decided that he would leave Strichen and joined the Army Cadet Force at fourteen, as a previous step to sign for the British Army after finishing High School. His first destination was Osnabrück, in West Germany. There, Nilsen drank high quantities of alcohol to reduce his shyness and help himself socialize. One time, he passed out and woke up on the floor of an apartment owned by a German friend. Though no sexual activity took place, this incident became a source for Nilsen's fantasy about having sex while one of the parties was mostly immobile, and he would pretend to be passed out during later drinking sessions in hopes that one of his partners made sexual advances on him. In 1967, Nilsen redeployed to Aden, South Yemen, and was assigned to Al-Mansoura Prison. This was a dangerous destination. The colony was torn apart by violence from pro-independence groups and several of Nilsen's companions were abducted or killed in ambushes. Nilsen himself was nearly abducted by a local taxi driver once. The man knocked him unconscious and placed him in the trunk of his car. However, Nilsen awoke before their destination, and when the abductor opened the trunk with the intention of dragging him out, Nilsen knocked him to the floor with a jack-handle, beat him until he was unconscious, and left him locked in his own trunk. Now granted his own room, Nilsen began to use a free-standing mirror to simulate sex with a masculine partner, and his fantasies became unambiguously necrophilic after he discovered the painting The Raft of the Medusa. Following brief stays in Britain and Cyprus, he was destined again to Germany, where he hired a prostitute so he could have intercourse with a woman for the first time. Nilsen found the experience "overrated" and "depressing", and concluded that he was indeed homosexual.

Nilsen retired from the Army in 1972 and returned to Strichen, where his mother repeatedly voiced her concern for Nilsen's lack of interest in female companionship. A few months later, Nilsen and his brother attended a group watching of a documentary on male homosexuality. Everyone present spoke of the subject derisively, except Nilsen who made an ardent defense of gay rights. A fight between Nilsen and his brother ensued, and after its conclusion, Nilsen's brother told their mother that Nilsen was homosexual. Nilsen never talked again to his brother, and in December, he left Strichen for London to join the Metropolitan Police. After graduating from the academy, Nilsen began to visit gay pubs and he resigned from the force after a year. After a spell working as a security guard, he settled for a civil servant post at a job center, where he rarely intimated with his coworkers and was considered a workaholic. Nilsen had several brief sentimental relationships in this period; as they all ended in failure, he came to believe that he was unfit for a long-time relationship.

Murders
Nilsen's first fatal victim was fourteen-year-old Stephen Holmes, whom he encountered at the Cricklewood Arms pub on December 30, 1978, after Holmes attempted unsuccessfully to buy alcohol there. Nilsen had been drinking heavily and believed that Holmes was around seventeen. He invited Holmes to his home and they drank together until they fell asleep. The following morning, Nilsen awoke and found Holmes still asleep on his bed. Fearing that Holmes would leave him to spend New Year's Eve alone, Nilsen strangled Holmes with a necktie until he was unconscious and then drowned the boy in a bucket of water at the kitchen. Nilsen masturbated twice over Holmes' body and then stowed it under the floorboards. Eight months later, he built a pyre behind his home and burned it. In October, he met Hong Kong student Andrew Ho in another pub and lured him to his apartment with the promise of sex, but Ho escaped when Nilsen tried to strangle him. Nilsen was questioned about this incident by police, but Ho declined to press charges. Two months later, Nilsen met Canadian student Kenneth Ockenden in a pub, and offered to show him several London landmarks. After the tour, Nilsen invited Ockenden to his apartment and strangled him while he was listening to music. The following morning, Nilsen staged Ockenden's body in suggestive positions, photographed it, and watched television with the corpse by his side before he wrapped it in plastic bags and stowed it under the floorboards. Over the following fortnight, Nilsen disinterred Ockenden's body four times and placed it on an armchair, where it remained while Nilsen drank and watched television. The next victim was sixteen-year-old hitchhiker Martyn Duffey, who was strangled in his sleep and then drowned in the kitchen sink. Afterward, Nilsen took Duffey's body to the bathroom and bathed with him. Nilsen described Duffey's body as "the youngest-looking I had ever seen"; and kissed, complimented and masturbated over it repeatedly over the two following days. When the body became bloated, Nilsen took it out of the cupboard where he had been storing it and put it under the floorboards. Nilsen's activity increased starting in August 1980. He continued to disinter the bodies and sprayed them with deodorant and insecticide in a fruitless attempt to eliminate maggots and the odors of decomposition. When he gave up, he dissected the bodies and burned them in a waste ground behind his home. In October, when Nilsen's landlord decided to renovate the property, Nilsen disposed of his latest victim earlier and moved to an attic flat in 23 Cranley Gardens, in the suburb of Muswell Hill. Though Nilsen continued to invite men, he refrained from committing more murders for a while because he had neither access to the garden nor enough space under the floorboards. The only incidents in six months involved Toshimitsu Ozawa, a Japanese chef who fled when he saw Nilsen coming at him with a tie; and Paul Nobbs, who woke up in the morning feeling dizzy and with red eye. Nilsen told him that he looked "awful" and should go to a hospital, where he was later informed that someone had tried to strangle him. However, neither man reported Nilsen to the police. In March 1982, Nilsen invited John Howlett for a drink. After Howlett fell asleep in his bed, Nilsen sat by his side and continued drinking before he tried to strangle him. Unlike Nobbs, Howlett awoke and the two men engaged in a ferocious struggle during which Nilsen was almost overpowered and strangled himself. Howlett was subsequently strangled to unconsciousness three times. After Nilsen realized that he was still breathing, he filled the bathtub with water and drowned Howlett for five minutes. Nilsen subsequently disposed of the body by dismembering it, flushing the flesh and organs down the toilet and throwing the large bones in the rubbish. Two months later, the scene was repeated with Carl Stotter, who went to sleep in a sleeping bag. Stotter was awoken by Nilsen strangling him and was then taken to the bathtub and forcefully immersed. Believing that he had killed Stotter, Nilsen placed Stotter on an armchair. However, he realized that Stotter was still alive when his dog, Bleep, jumped over and began to lick Stotter's face, because Bleep never interacted with the corpses. Nilsen was moved to resuscitate Stotter, and later told him that he had accidentally strangled himself as a result of being stuck in the sleeping bag's zip. Over the next two days, Stotter fell unconscious several times and had flashes of Nilsen strangling and drowning him. Stotter inquired Nilsen about these memories, but Nilsen explained them as Stotter having a nightmare when he was stuck in the zip, and saying that he had placed Stotter in cold water to help him recover from shock. Nilsen then extended a second invitation to Stotter, who declined.

Nilsen's next victim was Graham Allen, who was offered a meal, and subsequently strangled while he was eating an omelette (Nilsen would later claim that Allen had accidentally choked on it). Allen's body was left in the bathtub for three days, before Nilsen asked for a day off from work so he could dissect him. On January 26, 1983, Nilsen killed his final victim, Stephen Sinclair, who was strangled while in an alcohol and drug-induced stupor on Nilsen's armchair. After killing him, Nilsen noticed that Sinclair's wrists were bandaged, removed them, and discovered that Sinclair had tried to kill himself only a few days prior. Nilsen then bathed the corpse, applied talcum powder to it, and arranged mirrors around the bed before undressing himself and lying naked next to the dead youth. After several hours, Nilsen kissed the body, wished it goodnight, and fell asleep alongside it. The body was subsequently dissected and the parts placed in different bags, with Sinclair's own bandages being used to seal them.

Discovery, Arrest and Incarceration
On February 4, Nilsen complained to estate agents about the drains being clogged, seemingly unaware that it was his own method of disposal that was clogging them. When plumber Michael Cattran informed Nilsen that he had found the drain packed with a flesh-like substance and small bones, Nilsen replied that someone must have been flushing down "their Kentucky Fried Chicken". Cattran and his supervisor returned the next morning to clear the drain, but found that someone else had done it. Suspicious, they examined the pipes leading to the drain and found more bones and scraps of flesh in a pipe coming from the top floor of the house, where Nilsen resided. After informing police, a pathologist confirmed that the bones were human and that one of the scraps of flesh was part of a neck bearing marks typical of ligature strangulation. Three officers waited for Nilsen to come home and knocked on his door, where they immediately noticed the smell of decomposition. Nilsen first feigned shock when the officers told him that the blockage was caused by human remains, but when they told him to cut it and tell them the location of the rest of the body, he led them to one of the closets containing remains. Asked if there were more, Nilsen said that it was "a long story" and that he would tell it all at the police station. While being driven there, an officer asked Nilsen if the remains belonged to one person or two. Nilsen looked out of the window and replied, "fifteen or sixteen, since 1978".

Nilsen made a full confession and led officers to the lot where he had destroyed the remains in Melrose Avenue. However, he maintained that he had no intention to kill until the moment right before a murder; and that he ignored the reason for the murders, adding that he hoped the police would tell him. On November 4, 1983, Nilsen was found guilty of six murders and one attempt, and sentenced to life in prison without parole for 25 years. The possibility of parole was subsequently eliminated by Home Secretary Michael Howard, who replaced Nilsen's sentence with one of whole life order. Nilsen received the news with the statement that he accepted his life sentence and had no desire to be free again. He remains incarcerated at the Full Sutton prison in East Yorshire, England.

Modus Operandi
Nilsen's victims were young homosexual men that he met in bars or transients that he run across randomly. He would lure them to his home by offering them food, alcohol or shelter, and strangled them with a ligature after they passed out or fell asleep. If the victim was unconscious but not dead yet, he would drown them in the sink, bathtub or in a bucket of water. Afterward, he would bathe the corpses, shave them, apply makeup, clothe them, prop them on the bed or armchair, and destroy all their personal belongings. During the subsequent period of "cohabitation", he would embrace and talk to them, masturbate and perform non-penetrative sexual acts on the bodies. While living in Melrose Avenue, he eviscerated the bodies and abandoned the organs in a fence behind his property or near Gladstone Park, and later dismembered the bodies and burned them in pyres, adding car tyres to the fire in order to mask the smell of burning flesh. After the flames died down, he searched the ashes for recognizable remains with a rake and smashed any he could find. When he was in Muswell Hill, he dismembered the still fresh bodies in the bathtub or the kitchen; boiled the heads, hands and feet; flushed the flesh, internal organs and smaller bones down the toilet, and kept the rest in bags until he took them out with the trash.

Profile
James McKeith, one of two psychiatrists testifying on behalf of Nilsen's defense, declared that Nilsen had a lack of emotional development and difficulty expressing any emotion but anger, constituting an unspecified personality disorder. The second psychiatrist, Patrick Gallwey, diagnosed Nilsen with a borderline, pseudo-normal narcissistic personality disorder, with occasional schizoid outbreaks that worsened as a result of social isolation. He was intellectually aware of his actions, but not of their nature. On the other hand, the prosecution's own psychiatrist, Paul Bowden, argued that Nilsen was only abnormal in a colloquial sense. He was instead a manipulative individual capable of forming relationships, but who had willingly chosen to objectify people, and he had no mental disorder as a result.

Known Victims
Note: Besides his twelve fatal victims, Nilsen also claimed to have killed three unnamed ones (an Irish laborer in September 1980, an English hippy in November or December 1980, and an English skinhead in April 1981). He later said that he had fabricated these victims in order to match the fifteen he said he had killed when he was first arrested, rather than admitting that he had misremembered.
 * 1967, Aden, Yemen: Unnamed taxi driver
 * 1978-1981, 195 Melrose Avenue, London:
 * December 30, 1978: Stephen Dean Holmes, 14
 * 1979:
 * October 11: Andrew Ho
 * December 3: Kenneth Ockenden, 23
 * 1980:
 * May 17: Martyn Duffey, 16
 * August 20: William "Billy" Sutherland, 26
 * October: An unidentified foreigner, 20-30
 * November 10: Douglas Stewart
 * Unspecific date in November: An unidentified Englishman, 20-30
 * 1981:
 * January 4: An unidentified 18-year-old Scotsman
 * February: An unidentified Belfast man, early 20s
 * September 18: Malcolm Barlow, 23
 * 1981-1983, 23 Cranley Gardens, Muswell Hill, London:
 * 1981:
 * November 23: Paul Nobbs
 * December 31: Toshimitsu Ozawa
 * 1982:
 * March: John Howlett, 23
 * May: Carl Stotter, 21
 * October 6: Archibald Graham Allen, 27
 * January 26, 1983: Stephen Sinclair, 20

On Criminal Minds
In sharp contrast to Dahmer, who is one of the most commonly referenced criminals in the show, Nilsen has only been named once. He was brought up in Drive when the BAU theorized that an unsub who decapitated his victims might be a partialist who used dismemberment as a way to obtain sexual gratification. However, in real life Nilsen only dismembered his victims as a form of disposal.